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1.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 33(1): 33-38, jan.-mar. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-883631

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A abdominoplastia é uma cirurgia estética muito realizada, na qual o risco de tromboembolismo (TEV) deve ser considerado pelos fatores predisponentes envolvidos e por sua gravidade. Não há, até o momento, protocolos bem definidos para profilaxia de TEV em Cirurgia Plástica. O objetivo é apresentar um protocolo de profilaxia de TEV utilizado no serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do HMCP - PUC Campinas, mostrando a incidência de TEV nas abdominoplastias antes e após o início do protocolo, bem como a incidência de hematomas após, no período total de 6 anos. Métodos: Revisão de prontuários de pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2015, identificando os casos de TEV nesse período, associados ou não ao emprego de profilaxia farmacológica, e os de hematoma após início do protocolo. Resultados: O protocolo de profilaxia de TEV que é utilizado no serviço desde 2014 tem como base o protocolo de Anger e inclui medidas não farmacológicas e farmacológicas. Foram analisados 243 prontuários nesse estudo. Após início do protocolo, não foi evidenciado nenhum caso de TEV nos 74 pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia e foi observado apenas um caso de hematoma. Já antes do mesmo, 2 casos de TEV ocorreram entre 169 pacientes operados. Conclusão: Após a adoção do protocolo de profilaxia de TEV, alcançamos uma incidência de TEV de 0% nas abdominoplastias nesse período, enquanto a mesma foi de 1,18% antes do protocolo. Já a incidência de hematomas após foi de 1,35%, comparável a taxas da literatura para a cirurgia sem a utilização de profilaxia farmacológica.


Introduction: Abdominoplasty is an accomplished cosmetic surgery, in which the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) must be considered, based on the predisposing factors involved and their severity. There are, to date, no well-defined protocols for VTE prophylaxis in plastic surgery. The objective of this paper is to present a protocol for the prophylaxis of VTE used in the Plastic Surgery Service of the Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro (HMCP) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) de Campinas in São Paulo (SP), while also showing the incidence of VTE in patients undergoing abdominoplasties before and after initiation of the protocol, as well as the incidence of hematomas after the total period of 6 years. Methods: For the creation of this protocol, medical records of patients who underwent abdominoplasty from January 2010 to December 2015 were revised, identifying cases of VTE in this period, associated or not with the use of pharmacological prophylaxis, and those of hematoma after initiation of the protocol. Results: The protocol for prophylaxis of VTE that has been used in the service since 2014 is based on the Anger Protocol and includes non-pharmacological measures and pharmacological measures. Two hundred and forty-three medical records were analyzed in this study. After initiation of the protocol, no cases of VTE were observed in the 74 patients who underwent abdominoplasty, and only one case of hematoma was observed. Before the protocol was initiated, VTE developed in 2 cases among 169 operated patients. Conclusion: After adopting the VTE prophylaxis protocol, we achieved an incidence of 0% VTE in the abdominoplasties in this period, compared to an incidence of 1.18% before the protocol. The incidence of bruising after surgery was 1.35%, which is comparable to rates in the literature for surgery without the use of pharmacological prophylaxis.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Retrospective Studies , Chemoprevention , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Guidelines as Topic , Abdomen , Venous Thromboembolism , Abdominoplasty , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Surgery, Plastic/rehabilitation , Chemoprevention/adverse effects , Chemoprevention/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Guidelines as Topic/methods , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy , Abdominoplasty/adverse effects , Abdominoplasty/methods , Abdomen/surgery
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 62(supl.3): 249-257, Jul.-Sep. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: lil-757321

ABSTRACT

The transfer of ballast by the international shipping industry has negatively impacted the environment. To design such a protocol for the area, the ballast water tanks of seven bulk cargo vessels entering a Jamaican port were sampled between January 28, 2010 and August 17, 2010. Vessels originated from five ports and used three main routes, some of which conducted ballast water exchange. Twenty-six preserved and 22 live replicate zooplankton samples were obtained. Abundance and richness were higher than at temperate ports. Exchange did not alter the biotic composition but reduced the abundance. Two of the live sample replicates, containing 31.67 and 16.75 viable individuals m-3, were non-compliant with the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments. Approximately 12% of the species identified in the ballast water were present in the waters nearest the port in 1995 and 11% were present in the entire bay in 2005. The protocol designed from this study can be used to aid the establishment of a ballast water management system in the Caribbean or used as a foundation for the development of further protocols.


La transferencia de lastre por el transporte marítimo internacional ha impactado negativamente el ambiente. Con el fin de diseñar un protocolo, los tanques de agua de lastre de siete barcos carga en el puerto jamaiquino fueron muestreados entre el 28 de enero del 2010 y el 17 de agosto del 2010. Contenedores provenían de cinco puertos, utilizan tres rutas principales, algunos de los cuales conllevan un intercambio de agua de lastre. Se obtuvieron 26 muestras de zooplankton preservado y 22 vivo durante este periodo. La abundancia y riqueza de las muestras fue superior que en clima templado. El intercambio de agua de lastre no alteró la composición biótica pero disminuyó la abundancia. Dos de las muestras vivan, contenían 31.67 y 16.75 individuos viables m-3, no compatibles con el Reglamento D-2 estándar de la Convención Internacional para el control y manejo del agua de lastre y sedimentos de barcos. Aproximadamente el 12% de las especies identificadas en el agua de lastre estaban presentes en las aguas del puerto más cercano en 1995 y 11% estaban presentes en toda la bahía en el año 2005. El protocolo diseñado a partir de este estudio puede ser utilizado para ayudar al establecimiento de un sistema de gestión del agua de lastre en el Caribe o usado como una base para el desarrollo de futuros protocolos.


Subject(s)
Zooplankton/classification , Sedimentation , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Biota , Water , Jamaica
3.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(1): 124-129, jan.-mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-687359

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A técnica de lipoaspiração recebeu várias contribuições desde sua primeira descrição, como modificações nas cânulas, variação na concentração da solução de infiltração e uso de aparelhos com tecnologias variadas. A utilização de aparelhos com tecnologia laser vem contribuir com o procedimento por meio da lipólise e com o estímulo de retração cutânea. Neste artigo é apresentada a experiência dos autores com a laserlipólise em 400 pacientes, no intervalo de 5 anos, sendo discutidos aspectos dos princípios da tecnologia e sua ação sobre os tecidos. MÉTODO: Estudo realizado entre julho de 2007 e julho de 2012, que incluiu 400 pacientes submetidos a procedimento de laserlipólise. Os procedimentos foram realizados seguindo protocolo original, com infiltração de soro gelado, passagem da cânula com fibra óptica para a condução da energia laser visando à laserlipólise, retração cutânea e, por último, lipoaspiração convencional. RESULTADOS: O período de internação variou de cirurgia em regime ambulatorial a pernoite. Cerca de 45% (180/400 pacientes) dos pacientes evoluíram com equimoses mínimas, com acometimento de 2% ou mais da superfície corporal comprometida. Os casos de hematoma, seroma e deiscência totalizaram 9% (36/400 pacientes). Em nenhum caso foi constatada queimadura por lesão térmica na pele. CONCLUSÕES: O procedimento de laserlipólise realizado com a técnica descrita demonstrou segurança e reprodutibilidade.


INTRODUCTION: Liposuction has undergone several improvements since its first description, including changes in the cannulas, variation in the concentration of the infiltrating solution, and the use of different devices and technologies. The use of laser technology devices for lipolysis and stimulation of skin retraction has contributed to the procedure. This article presents the authors' experience with laser lipolysis in 400 patients, within a 5-year period, and discusses the principles of the technology and its effect on tissues. METHODS: This is a study performed between July 2007 and July 2012 and included 400 patients who underwent laser lipolysis. All procedures were performed following the original protocol - infiltration of cold saline, passage of the cannula with an optic fiber for conducting the energy needed for laser lipolysis, skin retraction, and finally, conventional liposuction. RESULTS: Hospitalization type ranged from outpatient to overnight surgery. Approximately 45% (180 of 400) of patients had minimal bruising, with involvement of 2% or more of the affected body surface. Hematoma, seroma, and dehiscence occurred in a total of 9% (36 of 400) of patients. We did not find any case of thermal burn of the skin. CONCLUSIONS: Laser lipolysis performed according to the described technique was safe and reproducible.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Lipectomy , Retrospective Studies , Connective Tissue , Guidelines as Topic , Subcutaneous Fat , Equipment and Supplies Technology , Lasers, Semiconductor , Observational Study , Lasers , Lipolysis , Lipectomy/methods , Connective Tissue/surgery , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Guidelines as Topic/methods , Subcutaneous Fat/surgery , Lasers, Semiconductor/standards , Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use , Lasers/adverse effects , Lasers/standards
4.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(1): 3-9, jan.-mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-687341

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Eventos tromboembólicos causam grande preocupação, em decorrência das altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade existentes e da possibilidade de apresentação clínica com sintomas escassos e, muitas vezes, inespecíficos. A prevenção é a maneira mais eficaz de lidar com esse tipo de evento, que, uma vez estabelecido, pode levar rapidamente à morte. MÉTODO: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo, no período entre maio de 2009 e maio de 2010, com pacientes submetidos a cirurgia plástica no Instituto Ivo Pitanguy. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao protocolo de prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso, após serem avaliados quanto aos fatores predisponentes e de risco. A soma desses fatores gerou uma pontuação, que determinou a profilaxia a ser adotada. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 1.351 pacientes durante o período de um ano. Não houve incidência de tromboembolismo venoso. Foram observados 16 casos de hematoma, 9 (56,25%) deles ocorreram após profilaxia com heparina e 7 (43,75%) sem o uso de quimioprofilaxia. CONCLUSÕES: O protocolo para prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso no Instituto Ivo Pitanguy foi eficaz, sem ocorrência de eventos tromboembólicos e com incidência de hematomas abaixo da encontrada na literatura médica.


INTRODUCTION: Thromboembolic events are a serious concern due to the high rates of morbidity and mortality as well as the possibility of existing disease presenting with scarce and often nonspecific symptoms. Prevention is the most effective management method for this kind of event, which can quickly lead to death once it occurs. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between May 2009 and May 2010 on patients undergoing plastic surgery at the Ivo Pitanguy Institute. All patients underwent the protocol for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after being assessed for risk factors. These factors were summed to generate a score, which determined the prophylaxis to be implemented. RESULTS: During one year, 1351 patients were assessed. There was no incidence of venous thromboembolism. There were 16 cases of hematoma, 9 (56.25%) of which occurred after heparin prophylaxis and 7 (43.75%) of which occurred without the use of prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol for the prevention of venous thromboembolism at the Ivo Pitanguy Institute was effective, with no occurrence of VTE cases and the incidence of hematomas remained below that found in the medical literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Thrombosis , Retrospective Studies , Venous Thrombosis , Guidelines as Topic , Venous Thromboembolism , Hematoma , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Thrombosis/blood , Venous Thrombosis/surgery , Venous Thrombosis/mortality , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Guidelines as Topic/methods , Guidelines as Topic/prevention & control , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/mortality , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Hematoma/complications , Hematoma/therapy
5.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 12(2): 9-10, Apr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-551370

ABSTRACT

This paper describes a simple, low cost and reliable DNA template preparation protocol for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using immature leaves from peanut seeds or leaves from field-grown plants. The technique may find wide utility in studies involving PCR-based molecular markers, rapid screening for transformants and gene cloning.


Subject(s)
Arachis/enzymology , Arachis/genetics , Arachis/chemistry , Polymerase Chain Reaction/economics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , DNA, Plant/analysis , DNA, Plant/chemical synthesis , Genetic Markers , Guidelines as Topic/analysis
6.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 12(2): 11-12, Apr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-551372

ABSTRACT

High quality DNA is essential for many molecular biology techniques. However, the reagents used for that purpose usually are expensive and/or cause a high environmental impact. Here, we describe two alternative protocols that use inexpensive reagents and are not hazardous to the environment. The first protocol utilizes the enzyme chymosin, normally used as “rennet” in cheese production and which is easily obtained on the commercial market. The second protocol uses “rennet DNA extraction protocol” combined with the DNA binding capacity of glass powder (glass milk), which can easily be “home made”. The first protocol is used when a high yield of DNA is needed, whereas the second protocol is used for production of a higher quality DNA, being able to work with sparse samples.


Subject(s)
Chymosin , DNA , Milk/enzymology , Milk/metabolism , Milk/standards , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Guidelines as Topic/economics , Cheese/economics , Cheese/standards , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Blotting, Southern
7.
In. Jotz, Geraldo Pereira; Carrara-De-Angelis, Elisabete; Barros, Ana Paula Brandão. Tratado da deglutição e disfagia: no adulto e na criança. Rio de Janeiro, Revinter, 2009. p.369-373, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555019
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